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Cell 16
Cell 16 was a militant feminist organization in the United States known for its program of celibacy, separation from men and self-defense training (specifically Karate).〔Bevacqua, Maria. ''Rape on the Public Agenda: Feminism and the Politics of Sexual Assault'' (2000) ISBN 1-55553-446-5〕〔Echols, Alice. ''Daring to Be Bad: Radical Feminism in America, 1967-75'', University of Minnesota Press, 1990, ISBN 0-8166-1787-2, p164〕 Considered too extreme by many mainstream feminists, the organization acted as a sort of hard left vanguard.〔Heath and Potter. ''Feminism For Sale''. ''This Magazine'' (2005) ()〕
==Ideology==
Founded in 1968 by Roxanne Dunbar, Cell 16 has been cited as the first organization to advance the concept of separatist feminism.〔〔Saulnier, Christine F. ''Feminist Theories and Social Work: Approaches and Applications'' (1996) ISBN 1-56024-945-5〕 Cultural Historian Alice Echols cites Cell 16 as an example of feminist ''heterosexual separatism'', as the group never advocated lesbianism as a political strategy. Echols credits Cell 16's work for "helping establishing the theoretical foundation for lesbian separatism.〔 In ''No More Fun and Games'', the organization's radical feminist periodical, Cell Members Roxanne Dunbar and Lisa Leghorn advised women to "separate from men who are not consciously working for female liberation", but advised periods of celibacy, rather than lesbian relationships, which they considered to be "nothing more than a personal solution."〔Dunbar, Leghorn. ''The Man's Problem'', from ''No More Fun and Games'', November 1969, quoted in Echols, 165〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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